Principles
Based on the pioneering work of Robert E. Shafer at Los Alamos Laboratory, the Log-Ratio BPM derives beam position from logarithm of the ratio of opposite pickup signals: Log(A/B).
Position measured by this method is more linear, over a wider range, than difference-over-sum.
Main features
- Resolution X & Y Pickup aperture radius / 10'000
- Dynamic Range > 50 dB
- Operating Frequency ≤ 500 MHz
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Signal processing
Signals from the pickups are stretched to produce bursts. This is essential to measure the single pass of a bunch.
Four parallel logarithmic amplifiers detect the burst envelopes. Amplifiers’ response is log of amplitude.
Logs of opposite pickups are subtracted. If pickups are rotated, axes are translated to obtain X and Y positions.
The process is all-analog, wideband.
Features
- The Log-Ratio Beam Position Monitor (LR-BPM) is an electronics module for fast analog processing of beam pickups signals.
- Input signals parallel processing allows single-pass position measurement.
- Bunches at any repetition rate up to 500MHz. Individual bunches can be distinguished from one another up to 5 MHz repetition.
- ±2V X and Y outputs are held until the next bunch when Sample & Hold mode (optional) is activated.
- Provides log signal from each pickup electrode for computer analysis, with 5MHz bandwidth.
- Cables length matching not critical: pickup signals don’t need to be in phase